What is Network Topology ? What are there Types ? Why they are Use?

 To understand what is "Network Topology" first of all you need to know what is Network ?

So, let us understand 

What is Network?

• Network is a broad term similar to "system", Network is a communication system which supports many users.
• In relation with the computers we can say that a "Communication among the computers connected in the network" 
• While in simple term network in computer system is nothing but to establish a connection between 2 or more than 2 devices so that they can communicate with each other.
• To establish this connection we use different protocols and method as per the need of user. 

We will discuss about those protocol is our upcoming blogs so to get updated follow us on Twitter.

What is Network Topology?

• The word Physical Network Topology is used to explain the manner in which a network is physically connected.
• Devices or nodes in a network get connected to each other with the help of communication links and all these links ae related with each other in one way or the other.
• The geometric representation of such a relationship of link and nodes is known as the topology of that network.

• These Topologies are classified in two type:

1.   Peer to Peer 
2. Primary-secondary

• Peer to Peer is the relationship where the devices share the link equally. eg. ring and mesh
• In Primary -  secondary relationship, one device controls and other devices have to transmit through it. eg. star and tree

1. Bus Topology:

• The bus topology is usually used when a network under consideration is small, simple or temporary.
• On a typical bus network a simple cable is used without additional electronics to amplify the single or pass it along from computer to computer. Therefore the bus is a passive topology.
• When one computer sends a signal on the cable; all the computer on the network receive the information. However only the one with the address that matches with the destination address stored in the message accepts the information while all the others reject the message the information while all the other reject the message.
• The bus topology requires a proper termination at both the end of the cable in order to avoid reflection.

Advantage:

1. The bus topology is easy to understand, install and use for small network
2. The cabling cost is less as the bus topology requires a small length of cable to connect the computer.
3. The bus topology is easy to expand by joining two cables with a BNC barrel connector.
4. In the expansion of a bud topology repeaters can be used to boost the single and increase the distance.

Disadvantage:

1. Heavy network traffic slows down the bus speed. In bus topology only one computer can transmit and other have to wait till their turn comes and there is no coordination between computer for reservation of transmitting.
2. The BNC connectors used for expansion of the bus attenuates the single considerably.
3. A cable break or loose BNC connector will cause reflection and bring down the whole network causing all network activity to stop.

2. Ring Topology:

• In a ring topology, each computer is connected to the next computer, with the last one connected to the first 
• Ring are used in high-performance network where large bandwidth is necessary e.g. time sensitive feature  such as video and audio. 
• Every computer in connected to the next computer is the ring and each retransmits what it receives from the previous computer hence the ring is in active network.
• The message flow around the